PREVALENSI DAN FAKTOR RISIKO COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME PADA ANAK

Abstract

Intensive use of digital devices among school-aged children has increased the risk of vision-related disorders. This study aimed to identify the signs and symptoms of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS), estimate its prevalence according to demographic characteristics, analyze associated risk factors, and examine the relationship between CVS and myopic refractive errors in children. A literature review was conducted by synthesizing evidence from reputable electronic scientific databases focusing on children aged 8–18 years. The selected studies were analyzed using a descriptive-comparative approach. The findings indicate that the prevalence of CVS among school-aged children exceeds 60%, with the most commonly reported symptoms including eye strain, red eyes, blurred vision, and headaches. Significant risk factors include prolonged screen time, poor ergonomic posture, and inadequate lighting conditions. Individual characteristics contribute to symptom variation, with boys more frequently reporting acute visual complaints. The evidence further suggests that myopia is not a direct causal factor of CVS but rather a secondary condition that may be aggravated by prolonged and inappropriate screen-viewing habits. CVS has substantial physiological and psychological impacts on children. These findings highlight the importance of early eye health education and preventive interventions. Parents, educators, and eye care professionals should promote ergonomic practices, implement the 20-20-20 rule, limit screen exposure, and encourage regular eye examinations to reduce the burden of CVS in children.